{"id":187237,"date":"2026-06-27T12:38:43","date_gmt":"2026-06-27T12:38:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/af.dawatmedia24.com\/?p=187237"},"modified":"2026-06-27T12:38:43","modified_gmt":"2026-06-27T12:38:43","slug":"%d8%ad%d8%a8%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%af-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%86%da%af-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%da%86-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d9%85%d8%ad%da%a9%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%85%db%8c%da%a9%d9%86%db%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/af.dawatmedia24.com\/?p=187237","title":{"rendered":"!\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>!<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0648\u0632 <\/span>\u062f\u0648\u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647 <\/span>\u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0647 \u0636\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0633\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u06c0 <\/span>\u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u06af <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0646<\/span>\u06ab<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0647\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646<\/span>\u06ab<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 <\/span>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0636\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0634<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u067e\u062f\u0631<\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648\u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648<\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2024<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06a9\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0648<\/span>\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u0634 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0628\u0627 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0686\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u062a\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645\u0632<\/span> \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9\u0635\u062f<\/span> \u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0647\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u062d\u200c\u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0647\u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0634 \u062c\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 <\/span><\/span>\u0631\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 <\/b><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u200c <\/b><\/span><\/span>\u0628<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>22024<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u062f<\/span><\/span>\u06cc\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f4<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u0638<\/span>\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0686<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 <\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0647\u0628\u0631\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af <\/span>\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc <\/span>\u0633\u0646\u06af<\/span> \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0648<\/span>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06a9\u0647\u0627 <\/span>\u0628\u0631<\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0642<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u06af \u0634\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u062d <\/span>\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0628\u0639<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u062a \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u067e\u0648\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0633<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0647 \u062f<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0686 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0648 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9<\/span>\u0631<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06a9\u0646\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062e<\/span> \u06f2\u06f2<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0646 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0647\u0654 \u0636\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u062f \u06a9\u0647 <\/span>\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0632\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u06cc\u06a9<\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632<\/span>\u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 <\/span>\u062e\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc <\/span>\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0634 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u06ab\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646<\/span>\u06ab<\/span> \u0631\u0647\u0628\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u062a <\/span>\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a <\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0634 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u06af\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06d0<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0648\u062d\u0634<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u063a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0635\u062f\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0648\u200c\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u0634 <\/span>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0648 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u06c0 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0628 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0645<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0646<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0686\u06a9<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0647<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u060c \u0637\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0628<\/span> \u0633<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0648\u0633\u0647\u200c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0647\u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u06af\u0627\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(Baloch Yakjehti Committee) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0632\u062f \u062c\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u062d\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0636\u062f\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0633\u0645<\/span> \u06a9\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u0621\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c \u0645\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0636\u062f\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0633\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0634\u200c \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u200c \u0622\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u200c<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0636\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0637\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0648 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644 \u0648 \u063a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0632\u0645<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0646\u0647\u0654<\/b><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/b><\/span>\u06cc\u0650<\/b><\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0647<\/b><\/span> \u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06af\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f4<\/span><\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0634<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f\u066b \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0632<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0628<\/span> \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u0647\u0654 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0639<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0654 \u0647<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0686<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0646<\/b><\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0627<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0632<\/b><\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0628\u0646<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0627\u062f<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0646<\/b><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(individual criminal responsibility) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(collective\/symbolic liability) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0641\u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u200c \u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0634\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(nullum crimen sine actu) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f5<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0654 \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u06af\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u200c \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a\u200c \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0651<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(direct causal nexus) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(joint criminal enterprise <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>mens rea <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0642\u0636<\/b><\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u06f1\u06f4<\/span><\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(ICCPR)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f0\u06f1\u06f0<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062d\u0627\u064b<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062a <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(presumption of innocence) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648 \u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0654 <\/span>\u06f3\u06f2<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0623\u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0634\u0628\u0647\u200c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u063a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u200c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u200c<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0641<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u063a\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/b><\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0647<\/b><\/span> \u0627<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0646<\/b><\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0622\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627<\/b><\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a\u060c<\/b><\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u0647 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(in-camera trial) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u06a9\u0644\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 <\/span>\u06f1\u06f0<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 <\/span>\u06f1\u06f4<\/span><\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f\u066b \u0627\u0645\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u063a\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c<\/b><\/span> \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u0651<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u06af \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06a9 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span> (beyond reasonable doubt) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0646\u200c \u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0630<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u200c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0636\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span> (status-based liability) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0634\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span> (delicto politico) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062d<\/span>\u0633\u0648\u0628<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c<\/b><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0636\u062f\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0633\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 <\/span>\u06f1\u06f9<\/span><\/span> \u0648 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f1<\/span><\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0642<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c \u062a\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0628<\/span> \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0622\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u06a9\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0654 <\/span>\u06f3\u06f7<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0635\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062d\u0627\u064b<\/span> \u062a\u0623\u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062d\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u062e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0628\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u200c \u062c\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a <\/span>\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f\u066b \u0645\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u200c<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0636\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0638<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Brandenburg v. Ohio <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0622\u0645\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9\u0627<\/span> \u0648 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0642\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0628\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span> (imminent lawless action) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0645\u0647\u200c<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/b><\/span> \u062c\u0646\u0633<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u062a<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0639<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0636<\/b><\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0646\u0647\u200c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0654 \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u06a9\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0636<\/span> \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(CEDAW)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>\u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f6<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 <\/span>\u06f2<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062a\u0628\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0636<\/span> \u0622\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u067e\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0642\u0647\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0634 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u200c \u0622\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0634 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u062a <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0628\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0636<\/span> \u062c\u0646\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0634<\/span>\u0648\u0646\u062a<\/span> \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c \u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06af\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u200c<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0642\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0642\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0636<\/span> \u0646\u0698\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u0647<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(systemic ethnic discrimination)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u06a9\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0636<\/span> \u0646\u0698\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(ICERD)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628<\/b><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u062f<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0686 <\/span>\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641<\/span> \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u066b \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627 \u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0698\u06af<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(UNWGAD) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0647\u0645\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c \u0628\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0634<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0636\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0638<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u062f\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0634<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u062c\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u0633\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c \u0628\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0632\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0634\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u0628\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0634<\/span> \u0648 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u067e\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c \u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u066b \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0627\u067e\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>\u066b \u067e\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u063a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(WGEID) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0634<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0648\u0647<\/b><\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0644<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0648 \u0628<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u062c\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06af<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u062f\u066b \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00bb (proportionality doctrine) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646<\/span>\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0642\u0636\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0650 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u200c\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0634<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u067e\u0630<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0632<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06af<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0634\u06a9\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062b\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06f9 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0634\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u06cc<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u06f1\u06f4 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u06f1\u06f9 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u066b \u0627<\/span>\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(Opinion) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u066b \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0698\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647\u0654<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0639<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0636<\/span> \u0639\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u0645\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0634\u06a9\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0642<\/span> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0648 \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0638<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u060c<\/span> \u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>(FIDH)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u06a9\u0644\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>(IBA) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062c<\/span> \u0648\u06a9\u0644\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648 \u06a9\u0645\u067e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c<\/span> \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062d<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0654 \u062a<\/span>\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062e<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u200c\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648 \u0686<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0646\u0631\u06af\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u200c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u06af\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0642\u0636\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u0628\u06af\u0634\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u062c\u0647<\/b><\/span> \u06af<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span>\u0631<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/span>\u06cc<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0647<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0628\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062c\u0646\u0633<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0637\u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0628<\/span> \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627<\/span>\u064b<\/span> \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u200c \u0622\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0632<\/span> \u0648 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u0651<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0647\u200c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0636 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u066b \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0686\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u200c \u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638<\/span>\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062d\u0645\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0631\u0648\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0654 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0648 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc\u200c<\/span> \u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062f\u200c\u0648\u200c\u0634\u0631\u0637<\/span> \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0686\u060c \u0646\u0647\u200c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 <\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u06a9<\/span> \u062a\u06a9\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0641<\/span> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u200c \u0622\u0648\u0631 \u0628<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633<\/span>\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0645\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>26\/6\/ 2026)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u061f<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n